有的同学有时候不太能很快速、准确的判断出句子中的过去完成时用法,下面,小编收集了大量相关知识,今天就给大家讲讲,如何能判定过去完成时,一起来看看吧!
![语法解析 | 过去完成时的判定 语法解析 | 过去完成时的判定](https://i1.yufalu.com/a26415546151b6/e43d5c/a26502416c/e43d5c053708ff.jpg)
1. 由时间状语来判定
一般说来,各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有:
(1 )by + 过去的时间点。如:
I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.
(2 )by the end of + 过去的时间点。如:
We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.
(3 )before + 过去的时间点。如:
They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
2. 由“过去的过去”来判定。
过去完成时表示“过去的过去”,是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作,即动作有先后关系,动作在前的用过去完成时,在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在:
(1 )宾语从句中
当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时,且从句的动作先于主句的动作时,从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如:
She said that she had seen the film before.
(2 )状语从句中
在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中,主、从句的动作发生有先后关系,动作在前的,要用过去完成时,动作在后的要用一般过去时。如:
After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.
注意:before, after 引导的时间状语从句中,由于before 和after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系,若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连,则主、从句都用一般过去时。如:
After he closed the door, he left the classroom.
(3)表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示"原本…,未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3. 根据上、下文来判定。
I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.
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